Instead of discharging sewage directly into a nearby body of water, it was first passed through a combination of physical, biological, and chemical processes that removed some or most . Investment in wastewater treatment systems is shifting from new construction projects to maintenance of original capacity and function of facilities (asset management). Wastewater Treatment Plants Metadata Updated: February 17, 2023 Data regarding wastewater treatment plants with permits issued under the New York State Pollutant Discharge Elimination System Access & Use Information Public: This dataset is intended for public access and use. Much of the water used by homes, industries, and businesses must be treated before it is released back to the environment. Reclaimed wastewater frees up fresh water that can be used somewhere else, such as for drinking water. We consider wastewater treatment as a water use because it is so interconnected with the other uses of water. to develop and quickly deploy regulations, systems, public safety education, and policies that address 21st century concerns such as per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS, forever chemicals) or novel biological components. Seiple, T., et al. Find your information in our database containing over 20,000 reports, useful life of water infrastructure components. Though large-scale capital improvements have been made to systems experiencing sanitary sewer overflows, efforts have slowed in recent years. An official website of the United States government. An official website of the United States government. Visitors are drawn to water activities such as swimming, fishing, boating and picnicking. USGS Visits the Deer Island Sewage Treatment Plant and a Cleaner Harbor", Blue Plains Advanced Wastewater Treatment Plant (brochure), "Atotonilco Wastewater Treatment Project", "Grundfos is part of the world's second largest wastewater treatment plant | Grundfos", "Stonecutters Island Sewage Treatment Works, Hong Kong", "ACCIONA awarded contract for Africa's largest WWTP", "Asia's largest underground MBR-based WWTP*", "Western Treatment Plant - Melbourne Water", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_largest_wastewater_treatment_plants&oldid=1140294842, Lists of buildings and structures by type, Lists of largest buildings and structures, Short description is different from Wikidata, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, the world's largest water treatment plant 7.5 million m3/day, Jean-R.-Marcotte Wastewater Treatment Plant. Informing the conversation about your waters.. The Targeted National Sewage Sludge Survey was conducted from 2006-2007 to obtain national estimates of the concentrations of pollutants identified in sewage sludge for use in assessing their potential risk to human health and the environment. A 2016 survey found that water-efficient appliances contributed to a 22% decline in household water use since 1999. Growing urban environments signal a trend that centralized wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) will increasingly accommodate a larger portion of the nations wastewater demand. According to the EPA, there are approximately 860 combined sewer systems throughout the country. Official websites use .gov CH4, N2O, and CO2 are the main GHGs emitted by agricultural activities. A publicly owned treatment works (POTW) is a term used in the United States for a sewage treatment plant owned, and usually operated, by a government agency. HRT evaluation studies are currently ongoing wastewater treatment plants. Utilities should ensure their rates cover the full cost of service However, smaller onsite systems, such as septic tanks, have a shorter average lifespan of 20 to 30 years. Water Online, Massive Savings Earn SAWS Recognition as Insightful Utility and Among Top 10 Utility Papers Presented At WEFTEC19*, September 26, 2019. r06X05p ;hbC@Ujef20yK^ Thirsty? In 2013, energy-related emissions resulting from POTW operations, excluding organic sludge degradation, were 15.5 teragrams (Tg) CO. Population growth and urban sprawl increase the collection (sewer) infrastructure needed. The U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development manages the Community Development Block Grants program under which urban, economically disadvantaged areas may apply to receive grant funding. (2017) Municipal Wastewater Sludge as a Sustainable Bioresource in the United States. Although the lifetime of a sewer system (50 years) is longer than that of treatment equipment (15 to 20 years), renovation needs of a sewer system can be more costly. Committee on Adaptation to a Changing Climate, Ayyub BM, ed., Climate-Resilient Infrastructure: Adaptive Design and Risk Management, Published online October 2, 2018. The CSO policy encourages municipalities with combined sewers to maximize wet weather flows to the treatment plant in order to decrease uncontrolled overflows in the collection system. Key information on household water waste in the U.S. Key U.S. municipal water and wastewater information 1990-2015, Select figures on water withdrawal and wastewater in the United States from 1990 to 2015 (in billion cubic meters per year), Total water withdrawals in the U.S. from 1950 to 2015 (in billion gallons per day). The country has a vast system of collection sewers, pumping stations, and treatment plants. Sewage sludge that is treated and meets federal and state regulations is often termed biosolids. According to the U.S. Conference of Mayors, trends among municipal WWTPs show that nationwide O&M expenditures have increased by approximately 4% annually from 1993 to 2017, an increase partially due to deferred capital expenditures. https://project-open-data.cio.gov/v1.1/schema/catalog.jsonld, https://project-open-data.cio.gov/v1.1/schema, https://project-open-data.cio.gov/v1.1/schema/catalog.json. "Primary treatment" removes about 60 percent of suspended solids from wastewater. Secure .gov websites use HTTPS to develop and quickly deploy regulations, systems, public safety education, and policies that address 21st century concerns such as per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS, forever chemicals) or novel biological components. National Association of Clean Water Agencies (2010) Renewable Energy Resources: Banking on Biosolids. In addition, sewage overflows can be caused by other problems such as blockages, equipment failures, broken pipes, or vandalism. A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States. Research Service, Federally Supported Water Supply and Wastewater Treatment Programs, May 3, 2019. Regents of the University of Michigan, Produced by across infrastructure sectors to extend the lifespan of assets and prioritize limited funding. Pew Research Center, Social & Demographic Trends, What Unites and Divides Urban, Suburban and Rural Communities, May 22, 2018. Most of these materials are sent to a landfill. 0 Water reuse can significantly decrease system energy usage and reduce nutrient loads to waterbodies. List of largest wastewater treatment plants, Blue Plains Advanced Wastewater Treatment Plant, "La Station d'puration Jean-R. Marcotte", "Montreal finally ready to go ahead with ozonation plant to treat waste water", "Chicago's Stickney Wastewater Treatment Plant Is the Crappiest Place on Earth", "Boston Harbor Pipe Dreams Come True! You probably don't drink much reclaimed wastewater (although some people do - see below)! Residential end uses of water in the U.S. Distribution of residential end uses of water in the United States, Volume of U.S. water wasted by common sources. << Chemical additions of ferric salts and lime enhance coagulation and sedimentation processes for improved solids removal as well as removal of toxic pollutants. The United States Conference of Mayors, $125.5 Billion Record Spending on Municipal Water and Sewer by Cities in 2017, November 1, 2019. Treatment plants reduce pollutants in wastewater to a level nature can handle. A lock () or https:// means youve safely connected to the .gov website. During FY16 and FY17, Congress assigned funding at $1.394 billion, increased that value to $1.694 billion for FY18 and FY19, and then decreased FY20s amount to $1.120 billion. Large volumes of I/I can cause sanitary sewer overflows (SSOs) and/or operational problems at the wastewater treatment facility serving the collection system. 12201 Sunrise Valley Drive Reston, VA 20192, Region 2: South Atlantic-Gulf (Includes Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands), Region 12: Pacific Islands (American Samoa, Hawaii, Guam, Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands), Decaying organic matter and debris can use up the. GE Water (Suez) 5. U.S. EPA (2016) Clean Watersheds Needs Survey 2012-Report to Congress. a rule similar to Americas Water Infrastructure Act of 2020 should be implemented to direct utilities to develop, update, and implement vulnerability (risk and resilience assessments) and emergency response plans. hbbd``b`z$CA!`= $XA,{+D9 h |Hh``bdq vt Toilets, showers, and faucets represent 64% of all indoor water use. A lock (LockA locked padlock) or https:// means youve safely connected to the .gov website. The typical lifespan expected for wastewater pipes is 50 to 100 years. An official website of the United States government. 0 235 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<870AB3F051FF18BD744B8E8F6CABD94E><6BE48C3861000F4BB5CB651FCF0AC801>]/Index[222 22]/Info 221 0 R/Length 73/Prev 141874/Root 223 0 R/Size 244/Type/XRef/W[1 2 1]>>stream Water treatment plants (WTP) producing potable water Wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) producing water for disposal or recycle/reuse Facilities producing water for aquifer recharge or aquifer storage and recovery (ASR), which may be WWTPs The information sought is listed in . There are a lot of good reasons why keeping our water clean is an important priority: FISHERIES:Clean water is critical to plants and animals that live in water. In 2019, 90% of the nations $104 billion O&M funding need was met, leaving an annual gap of $10.5 billion. U.S. EPA (2017) Potable Reuse Compendium. A lock (LockA locked padlock) or https:// means youve safely connected to the .gov website. In a 2019 American Water Works Association report, as much as 62% of wastewater pipeline maintenance performed by combined utilities occurs through the proactive execution of asset management plans; the remaining 38% is completed as a reactive response to failures. In homes, this includes water from sinks, showers, bathtubs, toilets, washing machines and dishwashers. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Wastewater Management, Office of Water, Primer for Municipal Wastewater Treatment Systems, September 2004. Assuming the water and wastewater sectors continue along the same path, the total gap will grow to more than $434 billion by 2029. 7 0 obj HVn6|W ))((d}u_YR79A$rwgf^\ &mQ6IV}xI!KY`X+kikB6|v]m5`l m(XLEaXrY>f7WaG+'+Mbb JYr?>n/unw4zL\7_*K?9" This treatment also involves aerating (stirring up) the wastewater, to put oxygen back in. 2021. This underscores a chronic trend of underinvestment in critical water-related infrastructure drinking water and wastewater systems. The construction of centralized sewage treatment plants began in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, principally in the United Kingdom and the United States. POTWs generate over 13.8 million tons (dry weight) of sludge annually. In 2015, California recycled roughly 714,000 acre-feet of water per year (ac-ft/yr). When collection systems are overtaxed, sanitary sewer overflows (SSOs) can occur. However, this method can have higher maintenance, energy and capital costs. Construction Dive, NAHB: The Median Age of US Housing Continues to Climb. Since the early 1970s, effluent water quality has been improved at Publicly Owned Treatment Works (POTWs) and other point source discharges through major public and private investments prescribed by the Clean Water Act (CWA). U.S. Wastewater Treatment Plants - Partial List September 2014 The following information is a partial list of wastewater treatment plants in the United States. The remainder of the population approximately 20% of Americans rely on . The East Bay Municipal Utility District has a working water reclamation project that benefits the community in these ways: Conserves drinking water. The following information is a partial list of wastewater treatment plants conducting biosolids anaerobic digestion in the United States. In some communities where legacy infrastructure exists, wastewater and stormwater systems are integrated into a combined sewer network. The wastewater system relies on the force of gravity to move sewage from your home to the treatment plant. Official websites use .gov EPA focused on publicly owned treatment works (POTWs) that treat more than one million gallons of wastewater per day and which collectively generate approximately 94% of the wastewater flow in the United States. +# d1z@S5.W=U 7W*^|.8DYj^1^5I&;#+5R[b_*,7$m3taX5gpXP"?Jn[a1SIjd(R$B\W]=4M;M? O1UY2U|^?"T($&IDE,q#" Aq*JIY$e0"WBA P$@2C&e\0 T'B\. % population - rely on the nation's 14,748 treatment plants for wastewater sanitation. Wastewater treatment systems reduce environmental impacts in the receiving water, but create other life cycle impacts, mainly through energy consumption. South Dakota Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Division of Environmental Services, Recommended Design Criteria Manual, March 1991. Water Science School HOMEWater Quality topics Water Use topics . and 500,000 miles of private lateral sewers. Wo-X&N"{o~\ETEN`$BI?oiFh 'KFr,r.UA"?SlApR`# N4||tq|MjaTAV5hCa 2Jc, *~/E Livestock and soil management are major contributors. Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions are associated with both the energy and chemicals used in wastewater treatment and the degradation of organic materials in the POTW. Across all sizes of WWTPs, systems are operating at an average of 81% of their design capacity, while 15% of systems are at or have exceeded that threshold. dispose of wastewater.3 Failing septic systems may contaminate surface and groundwater.4 Treatment of Municipal Wastewater An estimated 14,748 POTWs provide wastewater collection, treatment, and disposal service to more than 238 million people.6 Use of reclaimed water for consumption is becoming more common, particularly in regions prone to @hA h"F`h`.%C^Vw ',Y^0?YMVa1 (bLSzpRr(e8_uHAX|dEppv})=Q/aE9k)/~=xZ@$i:R*aIEg2@m":FG@kAHO!5]Ic,Sz|{vIWTVR4UQTbbqA#+,oQ8H&=)#4?BYlrF)/*`sr3`kYVi< T3sArz2gou<5R 4F@^0ASu>WUfF$qw1=6|=w*\(uwC(aE'a{F. secure websites. Water is everywhere, which is fortunate for all of humanity, as water is essential for life. As all wastewater systems face multiple and increasing natural threats, Wastewater and sewage in the United States, Get the best reports to understand your industry. For instance, the EPAs Clean Water State Revolving Fund (CWSRF) provides resources to state agencies enabling them to act as infrastructure banks that grant funds and oversee low-interest loans. b. Growing urban environments signal a trend that these facilities will increasingly accommodate a larger portion of the nations wastewater demand. An official website of the United States government. y 2032 it is expected that 56 million more people will connect to centralized treatment plants, rather than private septic systems - a 23% increase in demand. State and local entities shoulder the majority of capital projects and O&M expenses, which were approximately $20 billion in 1993 and increased to $55 billion by 2017. Please do not hesitate to contact me. Identify new grant programs and funding mechanisms Most wastewater treatment plants. Economic projections indicate that by 2029, chronic service disruptions would cost water-reliant businesses $111 billion and American households $378 million in healthcare costs. VC73{aijH9""_C' q4@!Y2Mz,j}:XoxkaV)0fDQ-)hNkB* U.S. EPA (2022) Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks 1990 - 2020. PG&E New Construction Energy Management Program (2006) Energy Baseline Study For Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants. with additional long-term, low-cost funding mechanisms for regionally and nationally significant, large-dollar-value projects. Funding and financing differ through the simple fact that infrastructure financing, like any loan or bond, requires repayment over a 30- to 50-year period. Waste Water Treatment Plants, California, USA Mar 28, 2011 (Last modified May 12, 2011) Uploaded by Conservation Biology Institute Download Open in Map Details Data Layers Data Provided By: Matthew Heberger, Pablo Herrera Content date: not specified Citation: http://www.pacinst.org/reports/sea_level_rise Dober 9. But reclaimed wastewater has many uses, with more promise of usage in the future. Interview with Bluefield Research Group on Underground Infrastructure: U.S. Water & Wastewater Pipe Network Forecast, 2019-2028, November 2019. As solid material decays, it uses up oxygen, which is needed by the plants and animals living in the water. Please click here to see any active alerts. Society of Civil Engineers, The Economic Benefits of Investing in Water Infrastructure: How a Failure to Act Would Affect the U.S. Economy Recovery. Water Environment Federation, Current Priority: PFAS. Develop a federal grant pilot program for publicly owned wastewater treatment plants A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States. In addition, much of the existing wastewater infrastructure, including collection systems, treatment plants, and equipment, has deteriorated and is in need of repair or replacement. Currently, 62.5 billion gallons of wastewater per day is being treated by centralized WWTPs. Harmful substances that wash off roads, parking lots, and rooftops can harm our rivers and lakes. It's a matter of caring for our environment and for our own health. 1000 cubic meters is 1 ML (mega liter). Sanitary sewers aretypically built with some allowance for higher flows that occur when excess water enters the collection system during storm events. whose purpose is to create or improve waste-to-energy systems that increase wastewater treatment efficiency. Sanitary sewers that are not watertight due to cracks, faulty seals, and/or improper connections can receive large amounts of infiltration and inflow (I/I) during wet weather. How about a refreshing cup of reclaimed wastewater? Share sensitive information only on official, The United States Conference of Mayors, $125.5 Billion Record Spending on Municipal Water and Sewer by Cities in 2017, November 1, 2019. Wastewater infrastructure may be owned by a public, private, or cooperative entity, and the operation and maintenance (O&M) may be conducted by the same party or subcontracted elsewhere. Below are other science topics associated with wastewater treatment water use. with additional long-term, low-cost funding mechanisms for regionally and nationally significant, large-dollar-value projects. Between 2012 and 2016, the EPA reports that improvements were made to more than 180 of the nations large sanitary sewer systems, which typically accommodate over 10 million gallons of wastewater per day, and are prone to episodic SSOs. hb```f``2g`a``bg@ ~&(G#.a"f+\ bg*uj0t3F0(08040- ``:U2@!H U.S. EPA (2004) Primer for Municipal Wastewater Treatment Systems. We consider wastewater treatment as a water use because it is so interconnected with the other uses of water. Some WWTPs are recouping savings and generating profits by implementing innovative technologies that reuse water, recover energy, and recycle nutrients. and the states,11 the nation's wastewater treatment facilities will need $271 billion over the next 20 years to meet the CWA's water quality objectives. Pub. Suggest a dataset here. The area occupied by the plants are in square kilometers. A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States. Nationwide, the drinking water and wastewater pipes in the ground are on average 45 years old, while some systems have components more than a century old. Evoqua Water Technologies 2. 40 CFR Part 503 defines sewage sludge as a solid, semisolid, or liquid residue generated during the treatment of domestic sewage in a treatmentworks (for example a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). )[9w|hOYgV"SsjDj~mgZ(z2V.g$B;3|4n JavaScript appears to be disabled on this computer. 3. English. This text provides general information. Ft 36[pH/SV68f,:#V @A] 2P%jaQ8maP16\Et =S@*] 8qn?,vvl6 R|)@o6LAf-{9J|h3gr"Si[&H x@)ZIXQ154mt8 includes over 800,000 miles of public sewers. Sewage sludge surveys identify the presence of pollutants in biosolids using samples taken from wastewater treatment plants (WWTP). d.3@!B\Cw!f69o:#9Pnmv:Rr[C=f]T;~LhK#46^Mc5 hYt-*R ) or https:// means youve safely connected to Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites. Qualified biosolids can be beneficially used after stabilization, which kills pathogens and decomposes vector-attractive substances. Large-scale urine diversion could decrease nutient loading in wastewater treatment plants and lead to reductions of up to 47% in GHG emission and 41% in energy consumption. In FY19, the federal government invited more than a dozen wastewater and water reuse projects to apply for over $2.3 billion in loans. Are you interested in testing our business solutions? More collaborations between researchers, technologists, wastewater utilities and operators, and federal decision-makers will be needed Depending on the type of WWTP and the collection system, O&M spending varies. In addition, sewage overflows can be caused by other problems such as blockages, equipment failures, broken pipes, or vandalism. /Filter /LZWDecode (2012) Long-Term Study on Landscape Irrigation Using Household Graywater. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Science Inventory, Detection of Emerging, Clinically Relevant Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Wastewater from Treatment Plants in Urban and Rural Areas in the United States. The other major type of domestic sewer design is sanitary sewers (also known as separate sanitary sewers). U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) (2022) How's My Waterway? Since 2017, EGLE has sampled 56 municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) and 41 industrial dischargers (industries including airports, landfills, paper plants, and groundwater clean-up sites for other contaminants) for a total of 161 samples collected. As utilities face the challenges of meeting increasingly stringent water quality regulations, funding significant infrastructure replacements, and/or affordably providing services amid growing public and environmental health risks, the option of merging (utility consolidation) may unlock financial, technical, and managerial resources to meet current needs and adapt to future demands. As these threats increase, so too does the need for costly improvements in wastewater treatment systems. The largest wastewater treatment plants can be defined in several ways.New Delta Treatment Plant project is being developed by The largest joint venture in North Africa and the middle east (MENA) with experience of over 240 years in the field joined to build a new delta treatment plant (Metito Orascom Arab contractor Hassan Allam construction) The Joint venture acted as a project manager on the clients side. Sewage sludge surveys identify the presence of pollutants in biosolids using samples taken from wastewater treatment plants (WWTP). Water Environment Research Fund. National estimates for Water and Wastewater Treatment Plant and System Operators Official websites use .govA |A[/Exoq|SQ77j#L0ByAPdD(BT Hp :|tI% '@,@2tq5R}NA"5fA?jzs~=| Due to varying update cycles, statistics can display more up-to-date While wastewater utilities are responsible for covering the majority of their expenses, many also look to federal financing mechanisms, particularly for large capital projects. Adapted from Arkansas Watershed Advisory Group. Xylem US Xylem spinoffs from ITT in 2011. Overview and forecasts on trending topics, Industry and market insights and forecasts, Key figures and rankings about companies and products, Consumer and brand insights and preferences in various industries, Detailed information about political and social topics, All key figures about countries and regions, Market forecast and expert KPIs for 600+ segments in 150+ countries, Insights on consumer attitudes and behavior worldwide, Business information on 60m+ public and private companies, Detailed information for 35,000+ online stores and marketplaces. Rather than continuing to operate under a business as usual framework, some critical infrastructure decision-makers are shifting their efforts from singularly addressing short-term metrics like population growth, capacity demands, and affordability, and are incorporating long-term, resilience-related factors into planning such as sea-level rise, frequency, intensity, and the likelihood of natural disasters, cybersecurity threats, and post-interruption recovery time. US Water Alliance, Utility Strengthening Through Consolidation: Guiding Principles for the Water Sector, 2019. In general, jobs within the water industry remain relatively less affected by changes in the economy than other industries. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Water Resilience, Americas Water Infrastructure Act: Risk Assessments and Emergency Response Plans. In rural areas where decentralized systems are common, the responsibility to coordinate and finance O&M activities ranging from $250 to $500 every three to five years falls on homeowners. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites. From FY17 to FY19, Congress has increased WIFIAs lending capacity from $2.5 to $6 billion with more than $21 billion being requested for over 150 applicants nationwide. of 40 to 50 years. At municipal wastewater treatment plants in the United States, raw municipal wastewater undergoes preliminary, primary, secondary, and in some cases, additional treatment to yield treated effluent and a concentrated stream of solids in liquid, called sludge. Learn more about the wastewater treatment process and theuses of reclaimed wastewater. Interview with Bluefield Research on Underground Infrastructure: U.S. Water & Wastewater Pipe Network Forecast, 2019-2028, published November 2019. 2023 Combined sewers are designed to collect both sanitary sewage and stormwater runoff in a single-pipe system. Since 2008, user rates have trended upward to reflect the true cost of service and also due to dwindling revenues for many wastewater utilities. We certify operators to help ensure that they are knowledgeable and that wastewater treatment plants are properly operated and maintained. "U.S. Wastewater Treatment Factsheet." Furthermore, state leaders have turned to levying local taxes, initiating restoration fees, and/or creating legislative set-asides as a means to invest in wastewater infrastructure and to close the funding gap. U.S. management practices amount to 54% of biosolids being beneficially used. Sharvelle, S., et al. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES), Combined Sewer Overflow Frequent Questions. Asset management must include continuous assessment of the condition of assets and prioritize investment decisions based upon a comprehensive suite of data. U.S. EPA (2010) Evaluation of Energy Conservation Measures for Wastewater Treatment Facilities. Sensors and monitoring innovations are being installed to collect real-time data on the wastewater conveyance networks condition to inform and prioritize the systems O&M schedule. Environment Canadaprovides some examples of pollutants that can be found in wastewater and the potentially harmful effects these substances can have on ecosystems and human health: The major aim of wastewater treatment is to remove as much of the suspended solids as possible before the remaining water, called effluent, is discharged back to the environment. In 2019, the total capital spending on water infrastructure at all levels was approximately $48 billion, while capital investment needs were $129 billion, creating an $81 billion gap. There are more than 16,000 publicly owned wastewater treatment systems of various sizes serving the majority of wastewater needs in the United States. If trends continue, the country will face a single-year O&M shortfall of $18 billion in 2039. WILDLIFE HABITATS: Our rivers and ocean waters teem with life that depends on shoreline, beaches and marshes. Statista assumes no About 2% of U.S. electricity use goes towards pumping and treating water and wastewater. liability for the information given being complete or correct. This list may not reflect recent changes. U.S. EPA (2012) 2012 Guidelines for Water Reuse. lock ( This category has the following 4 subcategories, out of 4 total. California EPA, State Water Resources Control Board (2018) Water Quality Control Policy for Recycled Water. 1.