One-word searches work best.Use AND to require multiple terms: LEFT Small ukara with minute patterned design and Omu Aro symbol. NSUWorks - Nova Southeastern University Institutional Repository We thank you too much for what thing you come do for keep thing right. Probably about 8000 BC one group reached Nigeria by an overland route and settled at Ibom (Arochuku) there they erected the famous shrine now known as the Long Juju of Arochuku. [44][52] Aye uses Adiaha Etim Anwa's ballad as one of the basis for his hypothesis. The economics of the society is based on paying tribute to the village ancestors. For a better experience, please enable JavaScript in your browser before proceeding. ukara: Ritual Cloth of the Ekpe Society features the ukara cloth, a composite signifier of authority, prestige, sacrality, difference, and social mobility in the Ekpe secret society in the Cross river basin encompassing southeastern Nigeria and parts of Cameroon. The kp 'Leopard' Society of Africa and its Cuban Diaspora: A It was worth every penny and made me feel like a kid again. Ikpa Ene was a virgin island on the banks of the Cross river. [39] At Ndodoghi, the Efik priest-king Ema Atai Ema Atai died and was succeeded by his son Eyo Ema Atai Ema Atai Iboku. Imbued with transcendental aura, ukara conveys the sacrality and prestige of the Ekpe secret society. Hope all is well. [74][75] On behalf of Ekpe-USA Leadership, I hereby remind every member of Ngbe who has taken the aoth that our fathers and great grand fathers took to uphold those sacred traditions and beliefs, to immediately start preparations to do what they must do to send our brother to join our ancestors. [14], The name "Efik" translates to "Oppressors" and is derived from the Efik-Ibibio verb root "Fik" (English: Oppress). The Efik are an ethnic group located primarily in southern Nigeria, and western Cameroon. Due to the number of unfortunate incidents at Ikpa Ene and Ndodoghi, the Efik sought to leave these islands. A reconsideration of kp and Abaku suggests an agenda for the study of kp in diaspora from a different perspective. [69] The society is divided into five main grades such as Nkanda, Oku akama, Nyamkpe, Okpoho and Ebonko. Group members would disguise themselves as leopards, wearing leopard skins, carrying claw-like weapons, and attacking their prey. [15] Ekereke and Ekereke further assert that the word was later changed to "Efik". EKPE SOCIETY - Blogger Historians and archaeologists have worked to piece together the human story from prehistory up to today. [5] The Efik refer to themselves as Efik Eburutu, Ifa Ibom, Eburutu and Iboku. The Ekpe Masquerade - SlideShare "[29] Essien's criticism is supported by the fact that in some Efik trado-religious songs, Atakpor Uruan is greatly extolled. Social importance is attached to the highest ranks of Ekpe-men, called the Amama. [50] Okoho Efiom bore twins whose paternal parentage have often been debated. Photo by Eli Bentor. Mr. . The ekpo masquerade, occurring to the south and east of Benin, is performed by the warrior age group in ceremonies to purify the village ritually and to maintain health. Powered by, Ukara cloth detail, Etara community, Cross River State, Nigeria, Cross River Cultural Heritage: reports from home and from the African Diaspora, Introduction: Spirit Dancers, Water Deities & Mystics in the Cross River Basin and in Cuba, Upcoming film project: Seven year kp ritual cycle, Ntufam Bob Oku literature, music and drawings, Calabar Mgb International Journal / Revista Internacional, Calabar-Cuba Radio with Ene Ita and Ivor Miller, Manyu kp Funeral Rites in Yaounde, 2019, Ivor Miller research archive at Amherst College, Manyu kp procession in Yaound, March 29, 2019, Poster for funeral of Seseku Stephen Tataw (1948-2019), Tortoise shell instrument is played in the funerary procession, kp mask purifies the hearse before the procession begins, Funerary shrine representing the sacred forest of kp, kp members surround the shrine for the final rites. Thanks for signing up for our daily insight on the African economy. Here are 8 prominent cults and secret societies in Africa [52] On the death of Chief Willy Tom Robins, a number of rituals were performed. The Ekpe Masquerade Jun. PDF Cuban Abakua Chants: Examining New Linguistic and Historical Evidence The traditional institution of manyu division cameroon 1990 2011 an In Cuba, the Ekoi are always evoked as early founders of the Abaku society,18 and their spirits are worshiped. Animals such as goats, chicken and dogs are consumed in Efik cuisine. Finding links between Africa and the Americas (a) What are the Clowns trying to accomplish in this scene? [1] The trade-off is that the Amama often control the majority of the community wealth. Residents in Ekpe villages often go to the group to help them seek justice when theyve been wronged. In his well researched thesis titled "Ekpe Imperium in South Eastern Nigeria", Anwana (2002) identified a plenitude of evidences to validate the Ejagham/Ekoi origins of the Ekpe society. "[35] Simmons assertion which was made in his 1958 dissertation is similarly reiterated at the Hart's enquiry in 1964 by chiefs such as Chief Efiom Obo Effanga of Obutong. Within Nigeria, the Efik can be found in the present-day Cross River State and Akwa Ibom state. Flashlight on drama & film : a drama for situation analysis guide [58] Antera Duke also known as Ntiero Edem Efiom was an Efik trader whose diary reveals several daily activities in Old Calabar between 1785 and 1788. Ed Keazor Follow Barrister-at-Law Advertisement Advertisement Recommended The Ekpe Society is a religious and cultural institution among the Efik people, it can also be found among the Annang and the Ibibios. [9] The Efik have also been referred to as "Calabar people" in historical literature. English language is spoken in the South-Western part of Cameroon. african cultures exam 3 Flashcards | Quizlet The Ekpe society may be regarded as one of the most important institutions among the Efik people. Internal details about the membership and brotherhood demands of this ancient group is supposedly a top secret known only to the members. At Creek town, the Efik ruler was Efiom Ekpo Efiom Ekpo who had a number of children including Nsa Efiom, Edem Efiom, Okoho Efiom and Odo Efiom. Aye and Eyo Okon Akak. The Efik language was also spoken in several communities in Western Cameroon. [6][7], The name Efik first appears in historical literature in the nineteenth century. Oge ruru ka laja nyefee lasha r ya ma gaa rwa r e nyere ya ebe z. In the culture we have discussed, the term fadenya refers to: the relationship between father and child, and half siblings - requiring self-assertion, independence, innovation, and competition. Some other clothings introduced into the market include smit, brutanya, isadh and nkisi. The society is somewhat akin to a free mason group and does some unofficial law enforcement. Ekpe could take life and could give it; it could condemn a whole town to a heavy fine and was promptly paid; it could punish offenders and could forgive; even kings and Obongs could never escape Ekpe laws and edicts.[69]. Ekpe society was the first tribe to come up with this design and archaeologists have found traces of this fabric even in southwestern Cameroon. [49] Several events at Creek town later led to a wave of migration from Creek town to Duke town. Meat and fish are the major sources of protein in Efik cuisines. a king whose attempts to have a special son lead him to make bargains with one Islamic missionary and two noble travelers. GitHub export from English Wikipedia. The cult members are usually violent and self-destructive to the point of committing suicide. [72] "Egbo" redirects here. The paper critically examined the Ekpe society in its indigenous form and nature prior the advent of Christianity, Western education and Western influence. I hope Queen Victoria and young prince will live long time and we get good friend. Speaking at the ceremony, the head of Ekpe of Afap village, Seseku Daniel Laluh said with Prof Ayuk's commitment in the village, the Ekpe society thought it necessary to confer him the Seseku. Ukara are made exclusively for members of the Ekpe society, an interethnic men's association found throughout southeastern Nigeria and western Cameroon. We are about loving, encouraging, embracing, teaching, and building with black people. The Ekpe Society. [62][63] The first missionaries arrived in 1846. The Decline of Ekpe Masquerade amongst the Efik Speakers And there are definitely more than 10 Ekpe members still around today. [5] [33] Abasi's husband insisted that the problem should be resolved by the chiefs. LEFT Mgballa Ekpe lodge with Ekpe members, Arochukwu, southeastern Nigeria. Ekpe is a mysterious spirit who is supposed to live in the jungle and to preside at the ceremonies of the society. Aye in 2000 does not mention the Efut as being the primary occupants. "[21] Jeffreys assertion regarding Eburutu being a single Ibibio clan is proven false by earlier definitions of Eburutu by Rev. [42] K.K. Members of the Ekpe society are said to act as Originally, the Efik obtained slaves by going to war with other communities or creating confusion in other communities. The masquerade tradition itself is most popular in Calabar and the Oron nation of Udung-Ukko, Mbo, Urue-Offong Oruko, Okobo, as well as the Eket and Uruan local government areas in Akwa Ibom state, Nigeria, and even western Cameroon. In the culture we have discussed, the term nyama refers to: the power which exists in all things, which can be controlled only by special persons. Members are bound by oath of secrecy, and fees on entrance are payable. Among the Southern Igbo, the Ekpe society, introduced from the Cross River area, uses contrasting masks to represent the maiden spirit and the elephant spirit, the latter representing ugliness and aggression and the former representing beauty and peacefulness. For the surname, see, Learn how and when to remove this template message, "Art and Life in Africa: Eket Information" University of Iowa, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ekpe&oldid=1101939539, This page was last edited on 2 August 2022, at 15:27. [76], Prior to the introduction of European-styled clothing, the Efik wore loin clothes made of Raffia (Efik: Ndam). Efik Traditional Attires The Efik are an ethnic group - RefinedNG I bought a $140,000 mobile home in a million-dollar LA neighborhood and love it. According to Parker, When there, Dick Ebro' asking him to go to war with him, he complied, and accordingly having sitted out and armed the canoes, they went up the river, lying under the bushes in the day when they came near a village; and at night flying up to the village, and taking hold of every one they could see. Ralph Lauren on Twitter . PDF (PDF) Lalimentazione In Ostaggio Le Mani Delle Multinazionali Su Quel Among these cuisines include Ekpang nkukwo, Edikang Ikong, Afia efere, Anyan Ekpang, Afang soup and several others. "[20] The Ekpe is a men's society found in Abiriba, Aro-chukwu, Ohafia and many other Bende communities in Igbo land, it is a variation of the important Egbo Ejagham ( Ekoi) in the Upper Cross-River as well as the Efik Ekpe Society of Calabar. The earliest list of Efik traders is provided in Jean Barbot's manuscript which was later printed in 1732. It is uncertain when Obutong was founded but most Efik scholars hypothesize that it was founded in the 16th century. [1] Ekpe members always wear masks when performing their police duties, and although individuals may nonetheless be recognized, fear of retribution from the ikan stops people from accusing those members who may overstep their limits. [32] The Efik having pity on these men gave them food and showed them hospitality. I was very poorno job and I has no money to even feed and take care of myfamily I was confuse in life I dont know what to do I try allmy possible best to get money but no one work out for meeach day I share tears, I was just looking out my family nomoney to take care of them until one day I decided to jointhe great Illuminati , I come across them in the internet Inever believe I said let me try I email them.all what theysaid we happen in my life just started it was like a dream tome they really change my story totally .